The World's Urban Shift: Jakarta's Rise, Tokyo's Fall
In a surprising turn of events, the world's most populous city has shifted from Tokyo to Jakarta, according to a recent UN study. This change is not just a number game but a reflection of the rapid urbanization that is reshaping our global landscape. The study, using innovative criteria, reveals a more accurate picture of the world's urban growth.
Jakarta, the bustling capital of Indonesia, now boasts a population of 42 million, surpassing Tokyo's 33 million. This shift is a result of a new methodology that provides a more consistent and internationally comparable view of urban areas. The UN's previous report in 2018 placed Tokyo at the top, but the latest data tells a different story.
The study defines Tokyo as a megalopolis encompassing three neighboring prefectures, which may explain its population decline in recent years. Meanwhile, Jakarta's growth is a testament to its rapid urbanization and the influx of people seeking opportunities.
The report highlights a significant trend: the number of megacities (cities with at least 10 million inhabitants) has quadrupled from eight in 1975 to 33 in 2025. This growth is particularly prominent in Asia, where nine out of the 10 most populated cities are located.
Urbanization, as UN undersecretary-general Li Junhia notes, is a defining force of our time. When managed effectively, it can drive climate action, economic growth, and social equity. However, the challenge lies in ensuring that this growth is inclusive and sustainable.
The study also reveals that the number of people living in cities has more than doubled since 1950, now comprising nearly half of the world's population. By 2050, two-thirds of global population growth is projected to occur in cities, emphasizing the need for strategic urban planning.
As the world's urban landscape continues to evolve, the rise of Jakarta and the fall of Tokyo serve as a reminder of the dynamic nature of our global population and the importance of understanding and managing urbanization effectively.
